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We derive and investigate the microscopic model of the quantum magnetBiCu2PO6 using band structure calculations, magnetic susceptibility andhigh-field magnetization measurements, as well as ED and DMRG techniques. Theresulting quasi-one-dimensional spin model is a two-leg AFM ladder withfrustrating next-nearest-neighbor couplings along the legs. The individualcouplings are estimated from band structure calculations and by fitting themagnetic susceptibility with theoretical predictions, obtained using ED. Thenearest-neighbor leg coupling J1, the rung coupling J4, and one of thenext-nearest-neighbor couplings J2 amount to 120-150 K, while the secondnext-nearest-neighbor coupling is J2'~J2/2. The spin ladders do not match thestructural chains, and although the next-nearest-neighbor interactions J2 andJ2' have very similar superexchange pathways, they differ substantially inmagnitude due to a tiny difference in the O-O distances and in the arrangementof non-magnetic PO4 tetrahedra. An extensive ED study of the proposed modelprovides the low-energy excitation spectrum and shows that the system is in thestrong rung coupling regime. The strong frustration by thenext-nearest-neighbor couplings leads to a triplon branch with anincommensurate minimum. This is further corroborated by a strong-couplingexpansion up to second order in the inter-rung coupling. Based on high-fieldmagnetization measurements, we estimate the spin gap of 32 K and suggest thelikely presence of antisymmetric DM anisotropy and inter-ladder coupling J3. Wealso provide a tentative description of the physics of BiCu2PO6 in magneticfield, in the light of the low-energy excitation spectra and numericalcalculations based on ED and DMRG. In particular, we raise the possibility fora rich interplay between one- and two-component Luttinger liquid phases and amagnetization plateau at 1/2 of the saturation value.

Bridging frustrated-spin-chain and spin-ladder physics: quasi-one-dimensional magnetism of BiCu2PO6