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BiFeO$_3$ thin films can be epitaxially stabilized in a nearly-tetragonalphase under a high biaxial compressive strain. Here we investigate thepolarized Raman spectra of constrained BiFeO$_3$ films with tetragonal-like(BFO-T), rhombohedral-like (BFO-R) and multiphase (BFO-T+R) structure. Based onanalysis of the number and symmetry of the Raman lines, we provide strongexperimental evidence that the nearly-tetragonal films are monoclinic ($Cc$symmetry) and not tetragonal $(P4mm)$. Through the Raman mapping technique weshow localized coexistence of BFO-T and BFO-R phases with the relative fractiondependent on the film thickness.

Polarized Raman spectroscopy of nearly-tetragonal BiFeO$_3$ thin films