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We present a computational scheme to study spin excitations in magneticmaterials from first principles. The central quantity is the transverse spinsusceptibility, from which the complete excitation spectrum, includingsingle-particle spin-flip Stoner excitations and collective spin-wave modes,can be obtained. The susceptibility is derived from many-body perturbationtheory and includes dynamic correlation through a summation over ladderdiagrams that describe the coupling of electrons and holes with opposite spins.In contrast to earlier studies, we do not use a model potential with adjustableparameters for the electron-hole interaction but employ the random-phaseapproximation. To reduce the numerical cost for the calculation of thefour-point scattering matrix we perform a projection onto maximally localizedWannier functions, which allows us to truncate the matrix efficiently byexploiting the short spatial range of electronic correlation in the partiallyfilled d or f orbitals. Our implementation is based on the FLAPW method.Starting from a ground-state calculation within the LSDA, we first analyze thematrix elements of the screened Coulomb potential in the Wannier basis for the3d transition-metal series. In particular, we discuss the differences between aconstrained nonmagnetic and a proper spin-polarized treatment for theferromagnets Fe, Co, and Ni. The spectrum of single-particle and collectivespin excitations in fcc Ni is then studied in detail. The calculated spin-wavedispersion is in good overall agreement with experimental data and containsboth an acoustic and an optical branch for intermediate wave vectors along the[100] direction. In addition, we find evidence for a similar double-peakstructure in the spectral function along the [111] direction.

Wannier-function approach to spin excitations in solids