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This study of elastic and plastic deformation of graphene, silicene, andboron nitride (BN) honeycomb nanoribbons under uniaxial tension determinestheir elastic constants and reveals interesting features. In the course ofstretching in the elastic range, the electronic and magnetic properties can bestrongly modified. In particular, it is shown that the band gap of a specificarmchair nanoribbon is closed under strain and highest valance and lowestconduction bands are linearized. This way, the massless Dirac fermion behaviorcan be attained even in a semiconducting nanoribbon. Under plastic deformation,the honeycomb structure changes irreversibly and offers a number of newstructures and functionalities. Cagelike structures, even suspended atomicchains can be derived between two honeycomb flakes. Present work elaborates onthe recent experiments [C. Jin, H. Lan, L. Peng, K. Suenaga, and S. Iijima,Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 205501 (2009)] deriving carbon chains from graphene.Furthermore, the similar formations of atomic chains from BN and Si nanoribbonsare predicted.

physical review. b, condensed matter and materials physics

Elastic and plastic deformation of graphene, silicene, and boron nitride  honeycomb nanoribbons under uniaxial tension: A first-principles  density-functional theory study