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We analyze non-equilibrium states in a tunnel superconductor-normal metal(NSN) structure in the presence of a tunnel current $I$. We use anapproximation of an effective temperature $T$ and calculate the current-voltageI-V characteristics. It is shown that the I-V dependence may have an S-shapedform. We determine nonuniform current $I(x)$ and temperature $T(x)$distributions that arise as a result of instability of the uniform state withnegative differential conductance ($dI/dV<0$). We discuss an analogy withequilibrium superconductors with an exchange field in which nonuniform statespredicted by Larkin-Ovchinnikov and Fulde-Ferrel are possible.

Inhomogeneous state in non-equilibrium superconductor/normal metal tunnel structures: a LOFF-like phase for non-magnetic systems