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It is known that the spin-chain compound Ca3Co2O6 exhibits very interestingplateaus in the magnetization as a function of the magnetic field at lowtemperatures. The origin of them is still controversial. In this paper we studythe thermal behavior of this compound with a single-flip Monte Carlo simulationon a triangular lattice and demonstrate the decisive influence of metastablestates in the splitting of the ferrimagnetic 1/3 plateau below 10 K. Weconsider the [Co2O6]n chains as giant magnetic moments described by large Isingspins on planar clusters with open boundary conditions. With this simplefrozen-moment model we obtain stepped magnetization curves which agree quitewell with the experimental results for different sweeping rates. We describeparticularly the out-of-equilibrium states that split the low-temperature 1/3plateau into three steps. They relax thermally to the 1/3 plateau, which haslong-range order at the equilibrium. Such states are further analyzed withsnapshots unveiling a domain-wall structure that is responsible for theobserved behavior of the 1/3 plateau. A comparison is also given of the exactresults in small triangular clusters with our Monte Carlo results, providingfurther support for our thermal description of this compound.

Metastable states influence on the magnetic behavior of the triangular lattice: Application to the spin-chain compound Ca3Co2O6