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The Earth's core consists of a solid ball with a radius of 1221 Km,surrounded by a liquid shell which extends up to 3480 Km from the centre of theplanet, roughly half way towards the surface (the mean radius of the Earth is6373 km). The main constituent of the core is iron, and therefore the meltingtemperature of iron at the pressure encountered at the boundary between thesolid and the liquid (the ICB) provides an estimate of the temperature of thecore. Here I report the melting temperature of Fe at pressures near that of theICB, obtained with first principles techniques based on density functionaltheory. The calculations have been performed by directly simulating solid andliquid iron in coexistence, and show that and at a pressure of $\sim 328$ GPairon melts at $\sim 6370\pm 100$ K. These findings are in good agreement withearlier simulations, which used exactly the same quantum mechanics techniques,but obtained melting properties from the calculation of the free energies ofsolid and liquid Fe

Temperature of the inner-core boundary of the Earth: Melting of iron at high pressure from first-principles coexistence simulations