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The ternary iron arsenide BaFe2As2 with the tetragonal ThCr2Si2-typestructure exhibits a spin density wave (SDW) anomaly at 140 K, very similar toLaFeAsO, the parent compound of the iron arsenide superconductors. BaFe2As2 isa poor Pauli-paramagnetic metal and undergoes a structural and magnetic phasetransition at 140 K, accompanied by strong anomalies in the specific heat,electrical resistance and magnetic susceptibility. In the course of thistransition, the space group symmetry changes from tetragonal (I4/mmm) toorthorhombic (Fmmm). 57Fe Moessbauer spectroscopy experiments show a singlesignal at room temperature and full hyperfine field splitting below the phasetransition temperature (5.2 T at 77 K). Our results suggest that BaFe2As2 canserve as a new parent compound for oxygen-free iron arsenide superconductors.

Spin density wave anomaly at 140 K in the ternary iron arsenide BaFe2As2