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A single-electron latch is a device that can be used as a building block forQuantum-dot Cellular Automata (QCA) circuits. It consists of three nanoscalemetal "dots" connected in series by tunnel junctions; charging of the dots iscontrolled by three electrostatic gates. One very important feature of asingle-electron latch is its ability to store ("latch") information representedby the location of a single electron within the three dots. To obtain latching,the undesired leakage of charge during the retention time must be suppressed.Previously, to achieve this goal, multiple tunnel junctions were used toconnect the three dots. However, this method of charge leakage suppressionrequires an additional compensation of the background charges affecting eachparasitic dot in the array of junctions. We report a single-electron latchwhere a granular metal film is used to fabricate the middle dot in the latchwhich concurrently acts as a charge leakage suppressor. This latch has noparasitic dots, therefore the background charge compensation procedure isgreatly simplified. We discuss the origins of charge leakage suppression andpossible applications of granular metal dots for various single-electroncircuits.

Single-electron latch with granular film charge leakage suppressor