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We report on an x-ray resonance exchange scattering (XRES) study of multiferroic TbMnO3. Magnetic scattering is observed close to the Mn K edge and the Tb L-III and L-II edges. Surprisingly, Tb shows XRES also in the paraelectric phase, where neutron diffraction results suggested the 4f moments to be disordered. The temperature dependence of the XRES intensities shows a distinct kink close to the ferroelectric transition temperature T-C for all absorption edges. We were able to model the temperature dependence for all edges, assuming a strong coupling of Mn and Tb magnetism via the spin polarized 5d conduction band. We argue that the hybridization between Mn and Tb states is a prerequisite for the multiferroic effect in this material

physical review b

Strong coupling between the spin polarization of Mn and Tb in multiferroic<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Tb</mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Mn</mml:mi><mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">O</mml:mi><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>determined by x-ray resonance exchange scattering

Strong coupling between the spin polarization of Mn and Tb in multiferroicTbMnO3determined by x-ray resonance exchange scattering