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Optical second-harmonic-generation(SHG) observations and precise X-raydiffraction experiments have been performed on quantum paraelectrics KTaO3(KTO) and relaxor K(1-x)LixTaO3 with x=3% (KLT-3) and 7% (KLT-7). It is foundin KLT-3 and KLT-7 that a pretransitional region exists between twocharacteristic temperatures Td and Tp (<Td). The average symmetry of the regionis tetragonal with a weak lattice-deformation but non-polar in average. Thetemperature interval between Td and Tp is consistent with the interval on whichneutron diffuse scatterings have been previously reported. These facts stronglysuggest that polar micro-regions (PMRs) nucleate around Td and grow toward Tp.Below Tp, a larger deformation and a field-induced SH intensity start todevelop, while no significant SHG appear in zero-field cooling process. Thetemperature dependence of the SH intensity below Tp coincides well with that ofthe tetragonality determined from the lattice deformation. TheLandau-Devonshire phenomenological approach suggests that the ferroelectricphase transition at Tp is of first order and that it approaches the secondorder transition with the decrease of Li concentration. A marked increase ofneutron diffraction intensities below Tp indicates that PMRs are transformed toferroelectric micro-domains at Tp, and the micro-domains change to macroscopicones under the electric field below Tp.Comment: 31 pages, 10 figure

physical review. b, condensed matter and materials physics

Second-harmonic generation and x-ray diffraction studies of the pretransitional region and polar phase in relaxor<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">K</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mo>(</mml:mo><mml:mn>1</mml:mn><mml:mo>−</mml:mo><mml:mi>x</mml:mi><mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Li</mml:mi><mml:mi>x</mml:mi></mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Ta</mml:mi><mml:msub><…

Second-harmonic generation and x-ray diffraction studies of the pretransitional region and polar phase in relaxorK(1−x)LixTa<…