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One- and two-photon luminescence excitation spectroscopy showed a series ofdistinct excitonic states in single-walled carbon nanotubes. The energysplitting between one- and two-photon-active exciton states of differentwavefunction symmetry is the fingerprint of excitonic interactions in carbonnanotubes. We determine exciton binding energies of 0.3-0.4 eV for differentnanotubes with diameters between 0.7 and 0.9 nm. Our results, which aresupported by ab-initio calculations of the linear and non-linear opticalspectra, prove that the elementary optical excitations of carbon nanotubes arestrongly Coulomb-correlated, quasi-one dimensionally confined electron-holepairs, stable even at room temperature. This alters our microscopicunderstanding of both the electronic structure and the Coulomb interactions incarbon nanotubes, and has direct impact on the optical and transport propertiesof novel nanotube devices.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure

Exciton binding energies in carbon nanotubes from two-photon photoluminescence