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Josephson plasma excitations in the high $T_c$ superconductorBi$_2$Sr$_2$CaCu$_2$O$_{8+\delta}$ have been investigated in a wide microwavefrequency region (9.8 -- 75 GHz), in particular, in magnetic field appliedparallel to the $ab$ plane of the single crystal. In sharp contrast to the casefor magnetic fields parallel to the c axis or tilted from the $ab$ plane, itwas found that there are two kinds of resonance modes, which are split inenergy and possess two distinctly different magnetic field dependences. Onealways lies higher in energy than the other and has a shallow minimum at about0.8 kOe, then increases linearly with magnetic field. On the other hand,another mode begins to appear only in a magnetic field (from a few kOe andhigher) and has a weakly decreasing tendency with increasing magnetic field. Bycomparing with a recent theoretical model the higher energy mode can naturallybe attributed to the Josephson plasma resonance mode propagating along theprimitive reciprocal lattice vector of the Josephson vortex lattice, whereasthe lower frequency mode is assigned to the novel phase collective mode of theJosephson vortex lattice, which has never been observed before.Comment: 11 pages and 10 figure

physical review. b, condensed matter and materials physics

Two phase collective modes in a Josephson vortex lattice in the intrinsic Josephson junction<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Bi</mml:mi><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Sr</mml:mi><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Ca</mml:mi><mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Cu</mml:mi><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">O</mml:…

Two phase collective modes in a Josephson vortex lattice in the intrinsic Josephson junctionBi2Sr2CaCu2O