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Electron energy-loss spectrometry was employed to measure the white lines atthe L23 absorption edges of the 3d transition-metal oxides and lithiumtransition-metal oxides. The white-line ratio (L3/L2) was found to increasebetween d^0 and d^5 and decrease between d^5 and d^10, consistent with previousresults for the transition metals and their oxides. The intensities of thewhite lines, normalized to the post-edge background, are linear for the 3dtransition-metal oxides and lithium transition-metal oxides. An empiricalcorrelation between normalized white-line intensity and 3d occupancy isestablished. It provides a method for measuring changes in the 3d-stateoccupancy. As an example, this empirical relationship is used to measurechanges in the transition-metal valences of Li_{1-x}Ni_{0.8}Co_{0.2}O_2 in therange of 0 < x < 0.64. In these experiments the 3d occupancy of the nickel iondecreased upon lithium deintercalation, while the cobalt valence remainedconstant.Comment: 6 pages, 7 figure

physical review. b, condensed matter and materials physics

White lines and<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>d</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math>-band occupancy for the<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mn>3</mml:mn><mml:mi>d</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math>transition-metal oxides and lithium transition-metal oxides

White lines andd-band occupancy for the3dtransition-metal oxides and lithium transition-metal oxides