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We investigate clean mutilayered structures of the SFS and SFSFS type, (wherethe S layer is intrinsically superconducting and the F layer is ferromagnetic)through numerical solution of the self-consistent Bogoliubov-de Gennesequations for these systems. We obtain results for the pair amplitude, thelocal density of states, and the local magnetic moment. We find that as afunction of the thickness $d_F$ of the magnetic layers separating adjacentsuperconductors, the ground state energy varies periodically between two stablestates. The first state is an ordinary "0-state", in which the order parameterhas a phase difference of zero between consecutive S layers, and the second isa "$\pi$-state", where the sign alternates, corresponding to a phase differenceof $\pi$ between adjacent S layers. This behavior can be understood from simplearguments. The density of states and the local magnetic moment reflect alsothis periodicity.Comment: 12 pages, 10 Figure

physical review. b, condensed matter and materials physics

Layered ferromagnet-superconductor structures: The<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>π</mml:mi></mml:math>state and proximity effects

Layered ferromagnet-superconductor structures: Theπstate and proximity effects