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A quantum mechanical analysis of the Josephson phase escape in the presenceof both dc and ac bias currents is presented. We find that the potentialbarrier for the escape of the phase is effectively suppressed as the resonantcondition occurs, i.e. when the frequency $\omega$ of the ac bias matches theJosephson junction energy level separation. This effect manifests itself by apronounced drop in the dependence of the switching current $I_s$ on the power$W$ of the applied microwave radiation and by a peculiar double-peak structurein the switching current distribution $P(I_s)$. The developed theory is in agood accord with an experiment which we also report in this paper. The obtainedfeatures can be used to characterize certain aspects of the quantum-mechanicalbehavior of the Josephson phase, such as the energy level quantization, theRabi frequency of coherent oscillations and the effect of damping.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, to be published in Physical Review B (Rapid  Communication

Quantum escape of the phase in a strongly driven Josephson junction