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The SU(2) slave-boson mean-field theory for the tt'J model is analyzed. Therole of next-nearest-neighbor hopping t' on the phase-diagram is studied. Wefind a pseudogap phase in hole-doped materials (where t'<0). The pseudo-gapphase is a U(1) spin liquid (the staggered-flux phase) with a U(1) gaugeinteraction and no fractionalization. This agrees with experiments on holedoped samples. The same calculation also indicates that a positive t' favors aZ2 state with true spin-charge separation. The Z2 state that exists when t' >0.5J can be a candidate for the pseudo-gap phase of electron-doped cuprates (ifsuch a phase exists). The experimental situation in electron-doped materials isalso addressed.

physical review. b, condensed matter

Possible<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>Z</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>phase and spin-charge separation in electron-doped cuprate superconductors

PossibleZ2phase and spin-charge separation in electron-doped cuprate superconductors