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Polarized neutron reflectometry (PNR) has been used to investigate the magnetic interlayer coupling in a MBE-grown Fe/Si/Fe(001) sandwich at room temperature and at 10 K. Both the magnitude and orientation of the magnetic moments of the Fe layers are obtained from a rigorous analysis of the PNR data. Orthogonal configurations of the Fe magnetizations were observed, providing unambiguous evidence for the presence of a biquadratic term in the exchange coupling energy. The competition between the bilinear and biquadratic exchange couplings results in distinct orthogonal and antiparallel configurations of the Fe magnetizations at room temperature. A previously unresolved magnetic configuration in the room-temperature hysteresis curve was identified by the PNR measurements as a $180\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}$ spin-flop transition. The dominant role of the biquadratic coupling at low temperatures is evident from the orthogonal configuration of the magnetizations at remanence in the measurements at $T=10\mathrm{K}.$ The magnetic configurations deduced by PNR are in good agreement with those obtained by fitting the magnetic hysteresis loops using a global energy minimum calculation.

physical review. b, condensed matter

Magnetic interlayer exchange coupling in epitaxial<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Fe</mml:mi><mml:mo>/</mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Si</mml:mi><mml:mo>/</mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Fe</mml:mi><mml:mn /><mml:mo>(</mml:mo><mml:mn>001</mml:mn><mml:mo>)</mml:mo><mml:mn /></mml:math>studied by polarized neutron reflectometry

Magnetic interlayer exchange coupling in epitaxialFe/Si/Fe(001)studied by polarized neutron reflectometry