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Quantum nucleation processes in the presence of local moderateinhomogeneities are studied theoretically at high biases. The quantumnucleation rate Gamma is calculated for one-dimensional systems in a form Gamma= A e^(-B/hbar) by using the `bounce' method. The bias-dependence of theexponent B is shown to be changed by inhomogeneities. This change is explainedby the reduction of the effective spatial dimension of the system. By studyingthe system-size dependence of the prefactor A, the condition for the appearanceof inhomogeneity effects is evaluated. Nucleation rates in thermal activationregimes are also calculated, and compared with quantum tunneling regimes. Forhigher-dimensional systems, it is shown that the local approximation ofinhomogeneity does not hold, and that spatial profiles of inhomogeneity becomeimportant.Comment: 10 pages, 6 figure

Local inhomogeneity effects on a nucleation process in a high external bias