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The spin-lattice relaxation time $\tau_{SL}$ is a key quantity both for thedynamical response of ferromagnets excited by laser pulses and as the speedlimit of magneto-optical recording. Extending the theory for the electronparamagnetic resonance of magnetic impurities to spin-lattice relaxation inferromagnetic rare earths we calculate $\tau_{SL}$ for Gd and find a value of48 ps in very good agreement with time-resolved spin-polarized photoemissionexperiments. We argue that the time scale for $\tau_{SL}$ in metals isessentially given by the spin-orbit induced magnetocrystalline anisotropyenergy.Comment: 18 pages revtex, 5 uuencoded figure

Simple theory for spin-lattice relaxation in metallic rare-earth ferromagnets