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Square-lattice systems offer a direct route for realizing 2D quantummagnetism with frustration induced by competing interactions. In this work, thesquare-lattice materials YbBi2IO4 and YbBi2ClO4 were investigated using acombination of magnetization and specific heat measurements on polycrystallinesamples. Specific heat measurements provide evidence for long-range magneticorder below TN = 0.21 K (0.25 K) for YbBi2IO4 (YbBi2ClO4). On the other hand, arather broad maximum is found in the temperature-dependent magneticsusceptibility, located at Tmax = 0.33 K (0.38 K) in YbBi2IO4 (YbBi2ClO4),consistent with the quasi-2D magnetism expected for the large separationbetween the magnetic layers. Estimation of the magnetic entropy supports theexpected Kramers' doublet ground state for Yb3+ and the observed paramagneticbehavior is consistent with a well-isolated doublet. Roughly two-thirds of theentropy is consumed above TN, due to a combination of the quasi-2D behavior andmagnetic frustration. The impact of frustration is examined from the viewpointof a simplified J1-J2 square lattice model, which is frustrated forantiferromagnetic interactions. Specifically, a high-temperature seriesexpansion analysis of the temperature-dependent specific heat and magnetizationdata yields J2/J1 = 0.30 (0.23) for YbBi2IO4 (YbBi2ClO4). This simplifiedanalysis suggests strong frustration that should promote significant quantumfluctuations in these compounds, and thus motivates future work on the staticand dynamic magnetic properties of these materials.

Quantum magnetism in the frustrated square lattice oxyhalides YbBi2IO4 and YbBi2ClO4