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The performance of superconducting devices is often degraded by theuncontrolled appearance and disappearance of quasiparticles, a process known aspoisoning. We demonstrate electrostatic control of quasiparticle poisoning inthe form of single-charge tunneling across a fixed barrier onto a Coulombisland in an InAs/Al hybrid nanowire. High-bandwidth charge sensing was used tomonitor charge occupancy of the island across Coulomb blockade peaks, wheretunneling rates were maximal, and Coulomb valleys, where tunneling was absent.Electrostatic gates changed on-peak tunneling rates by two orders of magnitudefor a barrier with fixed normal-state resistance, which we attribute to gatedependence of the size and softness of the induced superconducting gap on theisland, corroborated by separate density-of-states measurements. Temperatureand magnetic field dependence of tunneling rates are also investigated.

Electrostatic control of quasiparticle poisoning in a hybrid semiconductor-superconductor island