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Magnetization reversal of soft ferromagnetic Fe layer, coupled to [Co/Pt]MLmultilayer [ML] with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA), has been studiedin-situ with an aim to understand the origin of exchange bias (EB) inorthogonal magnetic anisotropic systems. The interface remanant state of the MLis modified by magnetic field annealing, and the effect of the same on the softFe layer is monitored using the in-situ magneto-optical Kerr effect (MOKE). Aconsiderable shift in the Fe layer hysteresis loop from the centre and anunusual increase in the coercivity, similar to exchange bias phenomena, isattributed to the exchange coupling at the [Co/Pt]ML and Fe interface. Theeffect of the coupling on spin orientation at the interface is further exploredprecisely by performing an isotope selective grazing incident nuclear resonancescattering (GINRS) technique. Here, the interface selectivity is achieved byintroducing a 2 nm thick Fe57 marker between [Co/Pt]ML and Fe layers. Interfacesensitivity is further enhanced by performing measurements under the x-raystanding wave conditions. The combined MOKE and GINRS analysis revealed theunidirectional pinning of the Fe layer due to the net in-plane magnetic spin atthe interface caused by magnetic field annealing. Unidirectional exchangecoupling or pinning at the interface, which may be due to the formation ofasymmetrical closure domains, is found responsible for the origin of EB with anunusual increase in coercivity.

Origin of exchange bias in [Co/Pt]ML/Fe multilayer with orthogonal magnetic anisotropies