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Andreev bound states (ABSs) are localized quantum states that contain bothelectron and hole components. They ubiquitously reside in inhomogeneoussuperconducting systems. Following theoretical analysis, we propose to probethe electron-hole weights of an ABS via a local tunneling measurement thatdetects the transient current under a steplike pulse bias. With our protocol,the ABS energy level can also be obtained from peaks of the Fourier spectrum ofthe transient current. Our protocol can be applied to detect robust zero-energyMajorana bound states (MBSs), which have equal electron-hole weights, incandidate platforms where local tunneling spectroscopy measurement is possible.In the 1D Majorana nanowire model, we numerically calculate the electron-holeweights for different types of low-energy bound states, including ABSs,quasi-MBSs, and MBSs.

Probing electron-hole weights of an Andreev bound state by transient currents