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Er$^{3+}$$:$Y$_2$SiO$_5$ is a material of particular interest due to itssuitability for telecom-band quantum memories and quantum transducersinterfacing optical communication with quantum computers working in themicrowave regime. Extending the coherence lifetimes of the electron spins andthe nuclear spins is essential for implementing efficient quantum informationprocessing based on such hybrid electron-nuclear spin systems. The electronspin coherence time of Er$^{3+}$$:$Y$_2$SiO$_5$ is so far limited to severalmicroseconds, and there are significant challenges in optimizing coherencelifetimes simultaneously for both the electron and nuclear spins. Here weperform a pulsed-electron-nuclear-double-resonance investigation for anEr$^{3+}$-doped material at subkelvin temperatures. At the lowest workingtemperature, the electron spin coherence time reaches 290 $\pm$ 17 $\mu$s,which has been enhanced by 40 times compared with the previous results. In thesubkelvin regime, a rapid increase in the nuclear spin coherence time isobserved, and the longest coherence time of 738 $\pm$ 6 $\mu$s is obtained.These extended coherence lifetimes could be valuable resources for furtherapplications of Er$^{3+}$$:$Y$_2$SiO$_5$ in fiber-based quantum networks.

Extending the spin coherence lifetimes of ${}^{167}$Er$^{3+}$$:$Y$_2$SiO$_5$ at subkelvin temperatures