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The metallic compound FeP belongs to the class of materials that feature acomplex noncollinear spin order driven by magnetic frustration. While itsdouble-helix magnetic structure with a period $\lambda_{\text{s}} \approx 5c$,where $c$ is the lattice constant, was previously well determined, the relevantspin-spin interactions that lead to that ground state remain unknown. Byperforming extensive inelastic neutron scattering measurements, we obtained thespin-excitation spectra in a large part of the momentum-energy space. Thespectra show that the magnons are gapped with a gap energy of $\sim$5 meV.Despite the 3D crystal structure, the magnon modes display strongly anisotropicdispersions, revealing a quasi-one-dimensional character of the magneticinteractions in FeP. The physics of the material, however, is not determined bythe dominating exchange, which is ferromagnetic. Instead, the weakertwo-dimensional antiferromagnetic interactions between the rigid ferromagneticspin chains drive the magnetic frustration. Using linear spin-wave theory, wewere able to construct an effective Heisenberg Hamiltonian with an anisotropyterm capable of reproducing the observed spectra. This enabled us to quantifythe exchange interactions in FeP and determine the mechanism of its magneticfrustration.

Frustration model and spin excitations in the helimagnet FeP