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Pairing symmetry which characterizes the superconducting pairing mechanism isnormally determined by measuring the superconducting gap structure($|\Delta_k|$). Here, we report the measurement of a strain-induced gapmodulation ($\partial|\Delta_k|$) in uniaxially strainedBa$_{0.6}$K$_{0.4}$Fe$_2$As$_2$ utilizing angle-resolved photoemissionspectroscopy and $in$-$situ$ strain-tuning. We found that the uniaxial straindrives Ba$_{0.6}$K$_{0.4}$Fe$_2$As$_2$ into a nematic superconducting statewhich breaks the four-fold rotational symmetry of the superconducting pairing.The superconducting gap increases on the $d_{yz}$ electron and hole pocketswhile it decreases on the $d_{xz}$ counterparts. Such orbital selectivityindicates that orbital-selective pairing exists intrinsically in non-nematiciron-based superconductors. The $d_{xz}$ and $d_{yz}$ pairing channels arebalanced originally in the pristine superconducting state, but becomeimbalanced under uniaxial strain. Our results highlight the important role ofintra-orbital scattering in mediating the superconducting pairing in iron-basedsuperconductors. It also highlights the measurement of $\partial|\Delta_k|$ asan effective way to characterize the superconducting pairing from aperturbation perspective.

Orbital-dependent modulation of the superconducting gap in uniaxially strained Ba$_{0.6}$K$_{0.4}$Fe$_2$As$_2$