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External electric fields are highly attractive for dynamical manipulation ofexcitons in two-dimensional materials. Here, we theoretically study theionization of excitons in monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) byintense pulsed electric fields in the terahertz (THz) regime. We find that THzpulses with realistic field strengths are capable of ionizing a significantfraction of photogenerated excitons in TMDs into free charge carriers. ShortTHz pulses are therefore an efficient, non-invasive method of dynamicallycontrolling the free carrier concentration in monolayer TMDs, which is usefulfor applications such as THz modulators. We further demonstrate that excitonionization probabilities should be experimentally measurable by comparing freecarrier absorption before and after the THz pulse. Detailed results areprovided for different TMDs in various dielectric environments.

Efficient ionization of two dimensional excitons by intense single cycle terahertz pulses