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We develop a microscopic and atomistic theory of electron spin-based qubitsin gated quantum dots in a single layer of transition metal dichalcogenides.The qubits are identified with two degenerate locked spin and valley states ina gated quantum dot. The two-qubit states are accurately described using amulti-million atom tight-binding model solved in wavevector space. Thespin-valley locking and strong spin-orbit coupling result in two degeneratestates, one of the qubit states being spin-down located at the $+K$ valley ofthe Brillouin zone, and the other state located at the $-K$ valley with spinup. We describe the qubit operations necessary to rotate the spin-valley qubitas a combination of the applied vertical electric field, enabling spin-orbitcoupling in a single valley, with a lateral strongly localized valley-mixinggate.

Spin-valley qubits in gated quantum dots in a single layer of transition metal dichalcogenides