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Majorana zero modes can appear at the wire ends of a 1D topologicalsuperconductor and manifest themselves as a quantized zero-bias conductancepeak in the tunneling spectroscopy of normal-superconductor junctions. However,in superconductor-semiconductor hybrid nanowires, zero-bias conductance peaksmay arise owing to topologically trivial mechanisms as well, mimicking theMajorana-induced topological peak in many aspects. In this work, wesystematically investigate the characteristics of zero-bias conductance peaksfor topological Majorana bound states, trivial quasi-Majorana bound states andlow-energy Andreev bound states arising from smooth potential variations, anddisorder-induced subgap bound states. Our focus is on the conductance peakvalue (i.e., equal to, greater than, or less than $2e^2/h$), as well as therobustness (plateau- or spike-like) against the tuning parameters (e.g., themagnetic field and tunneling gate voltage) for zero-bias peaks arising from thedifferent mechanisms. We find that for Majoranas and quasi-Majoranas, thezero-bias peak values are no more than $2e^2/h$, and a quantized conductanceplateau forms generically as a function of parameters. By contrast, forconductance peaks due to low-energy Andreev bound states or disorder-inducedbound states, the peak values may exceed $2e^2/h$, and a conductance plateau israrely observed unless through careful postselection and fine-tuning. Ourfindings should shed light on the interpretation of experimental measurementson the tunneling spectroscopy of normal-superconductor junctions of hybridMajorana nanowires.

Quantized and unquantized zero-bias tunneling conductance peaks in Majorana nanowires: Conductance below and above $ 2e^2/h $