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The Higgs amplitude mode is a collective excitation studied and observed in abroad class of matter, including superconductors, charge density waves,antiferromagnets, 3He p-wave superfluid, and ultracold atomic condensates. Inall the observations reported thus far, the amplitude mode was excited byperturbing the condensate out of equilibrium. Studying an exciton-polaritoncondensate, here we report the first observation of this mode purely driven byintrinsic quantum fluctuations without such perturbations. By using anultrahigh quality microcavity and a Raman spectrometer to maximally rejectphotoluminescence from the condensate, we observe weak but distinctphotoluminescence at energies below the condensate emission. We identify thisas the so-called ghost branches of the amplitude mode arising from quantumdepletion of the condensate into this mode. These energies, as well as theoverall structure of the photoluminescence spectra, are in good agreement withour theoretical analysis.

Direct observation of the quantum-fluctuation driven amplitude mode in a microcavity polariton condensate