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We report on the direct measurement of the electron spin splitting and theaccompanying nuclear Overhauser (OH) field, and thus the underlying nuclearspin polarization (NSP) and fluctuation bandwidth, in a single InAs quantum dotunder resonant excitation conditions with unprecedented spectral resolution.The electron spin splitting is measured directly via resonant spin-flip singlephoton Raman scattering detected by superconducting nanowires to generateexcitation-emission energy maps. The observed two-dimensional maps reveal an OHfield that has a non-linear dependence on excitation frequency. This studyprovides new insight into earlier reports of so-called avoidance and tracking,showing two distinct NSP responses directly by the addition of a emissionenergy axis. The data show that the polarization processes depend on whichelectron spin state is optically driven, with surprising differences in thepolarization fluctuations for each case: in one case, a stabilized fieldcharacterized by a single-peaked distribution shifts monotonically with thelaser excitation frequency resulting in a nearly constant optical interactionstrength across a wide detuning range, while in the other case the previouslyreported avoidance behavior is actually the result of a nonlinear dependence onthe laser excitation frequency near zero detuning leading to switching betweentwo distinct mesoscopic nuclear spin states. The magnitude of the field, whichis as large as 400 mT, is measured with sub-100 nuclear spin sensitivity.Stable/unstable points of the OH field distribution are observed, resultingfrom the non-linear feedback loop in the electron-trion-nuclear system. Nuclearspin polarization state switching occurs between fields differing by 160 mT atleast as fast as 25 ms. Control experiments indicate that the strain-inducedquadrupolar interaction may explain the measured OH fields.

Direct high resolution resonant Raman scattering measurements of InAs quantum dot dynamic nuclear spin polarization states