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AB$_2$O$_4$ normal spinels with a magnetic B site can host a variety ofmagnetic and orbital frustrations leading to spin-liquid phases andfield-induced phase transitions. Here we report the first epitaxial growth of(111)-oriented MgCr$_2$O$_4$ thin films. By characterizing the structural andelectronic properties of films grown along (001) and (111) directions, theinfluence of growth orientation has been studied. Despite distinctly differentgrowth modes observed during deposition, the comprehensive characterizationreveals no measurable disorder in the cation distribution nor multivalencyissue for Cr ions in either orientation. Contrary to a naive expectation, the(111) stabilized films exhibit a smoother surface and a higher degree ofcrystallinity than (001)-oriented films. The preference in growth orientationis explained within the framework of heteroepitaxial stabilization inconnection to a significantly lower (111) surface energy. These findings openbroad opportunities in the fabrication of 2D kagome-triangular heterostructureswith emergent magnetic behavior inaccessible in bulk crystals.

Orientation-dependent stabilization of MgCr$_2$O$_4$ spinel thin films