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Recent optical conductivity measurements reveal the presence of Hubbardexcitons in certain Mott insulators. In light of these results, it is importantto revisit the dynamics of these materials to account for excitoniccorrelations. We investigate time-resolved excitation and relaxation dynamicsas a function of temperature in perovskite-type LaVO${}_{3}$ thin films usingultrafast optical pump-probe spectroscopy. LaVO${}_{3}$ undergoes a series ofphase transitions at roughly the same critical temperature $T_C\cong 140\ K$,including a second-order magnetic phase transition (PM $\xrightarrow{}$ AFM)and a first-order structural phase transition, accompanied by \textit{C}-typespin order (SO) and \textit{G}-type orbital order (OO). Ultrafast opticalpump-probe spectroscopy at 1.6 eV monitors changes in the spectral weight ofthe Hubbard exciton resonance which serves as a sensitive reporter of spin andorbital fluctuation dynamics. We observe dramatic slowing down of the spin, andorbital dynamics in the vicinity of $T_C\cong 140$ K, reminiscent of asecond-order phase transition, despite the (weakly) first-order nature of thetransition. We emphasize that since it is spectral weight changes that areprobed, the measured dynamics are not reflective of conventional excitongeneration and recombination, but are related to the dynamics of Hubbardexciton formation in the presence of a fluctuating many-body environment.

Influence of spin and orbital fluctuations on Mott-Hubbard exciton dynamics in LaVO${}_{3}$ Thin Films