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Single crystals of Nd$_2$O$_3$ were grown and characterized using neutronscattering and thermodynamic measurements. Nd$_2$O$_3$ has long-rangeantiferromagnetic order below $T_{\rm N}$ = 0.55 K and specific heatmeasurements have demonstrated that a significant amount of the magneticentropy is released above $T_{\rm N}$. Inelastic neutron scattering experimentsreveal a magnetic mode(s) with little dispersion peaked at $\approx$ 0.37 meVthat is of greatest intensity below $T_{\rm N}$ but persists above 2$T_{\rmN}$. This persistence of dynamic correlations is likely related to frustratedinteractions associated with the nearly-ideal stacked triangular latticegeometry of $J_{\textrm{eff}}$ = 1/2 spins on Nd$^{3+}$ ions. The magnetizationis observed to be strongly anisotropic at all temperatures due to crystal fieldeffects, with easy-plane anisotropy observed. A non-compensated magneticstructure is inferred from the temperature-dependence of the magnetization whena magnetic field of sufficient strength is applied within the basal plane near$T_{\rm N}$, and the evolution of the long-range order is summarized in atemperature-field phase diagram.

Magnetism of Nd$_2$O$_3$ single crystals near the N\'{e}el temperature