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A Dirac fermion emerges as a result of interplay between symmetry andtopology in condensed matter. Current research moves towards investigating theDirac fermions in the presence of manybody effects in correlated system. Here,we demonstrate the emergence of correlation-induced symmetry-protected Diracsemimetal state in the lightly-doped spin-orbit-coupled Mott insulatorSr$_2$IrO$_4$. We find that the nonsymmorphic crystalline symmetry stabilizes aDirac line-node semimetal and that the correlation-induced symmetry-breakingelectronic order further leads to a phase transition from the Dirac line-nodeto a Dirac point-node semimetal. The latter state is experimentally confirmedby angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and terahertz spectroscopy onSr$_2$(Ir,Tb)O$_4$ and (Sr,La)$_2$IrO$_4$. Remarkably, the electrodynamics ofthe massless Dirac carriers is governed by the extremely small scattering rateof about 6 cm$^{-1}$ even at room temperature, which is iconic behavior ofrelativistic quasiparticles. Temperature-dependent changes in electrodynamicparameters are also consistently explained based on the Dirac point-nodesemimetal state.

Nonsymmorphic Dirac semimetal and carrier dynamics in doped spin-orbit-coupled Mott insulator Sr$_2$IrO$_4$