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Previous single-pulse extreme ultraviolet and X-ray coherent diffractionstudies revealed that superfluid 4He droplets obtained in free jet expansionacquire sizable angular momentum, resulting in significant centrifugaldistortion. Similar experiments with normal fluid 3He droplets may helpelucidating the origin of the of the large degree of rotational excitation andhighlight similarities and differences of dynamics in normal and superfluiddroplets. Here, we present the first comparison of the shapes of isolated 3Heand 4He droplets following expansion of the corresponding fluids in vacuum attemperatures as low as ~ 2 K. Large 3He and 4He droplets with average radii of~160 nm and ~350 nm, respectively, were produced. We find that the majority ofthe 3He droplets in the beam correspond to rotating oblate spheroids withreduced average angular momentum ($\Lambda$) and reduced angular velocities($\Omega$) similar to that of 4He droplets. Given the different physical natureof 3He and 4He, this similarity in $\Lambda$ and $\Omega$ may be surprising andsuggest that similar mechanisms induce rotation regardless of the isotope. Wehypothesized that the observed distribution of droplet sizes and angularmomenta stem from processes in the dense region close to the nozzle. In thisregion, the significant velocity spread and collisions between the dropletsinduce excessive rotation followed by droplet fission. The process may repeatitself several times before the droplets enter the collision-fee high vacuumregion further downstream.

Shapes of rotating normal fluid 3He versus superfluid 4He droplets in molecular beams