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While some of the most elegant applications of topological insulators, suchas quantum anomalous Hall effect, require the preservation of Dirac surfacestates in the presence of time-reversal symmetry breaking, other phenomena suchas spin-charge conversion rather rely on the ability for these surface statesto imprint their spin texture on adjacent magnetic layers. In this work, weinvestigate the spin-momentum locking of the surface states of a wide range ofmonolayer transition metals (3$d$-TM) deposited on top of Bi$_{2}$Se$_{3}$topological insulators using first principles calculations. We find ananticorrelation between the magnetic moment of the 3$d$-TM and the magnitude ofthe spin-momentum locking {\em induced} by the Dirac surface states. While themagnetic moment is large in the first half of the 3$d$ series, following Hund'srule, the spin-momentum locking is maximum in the second half of the series. Weexplain this trend as arising from a compromise between intra-atomic magneticexchange and covalent bonding between the 3$d$-TM overlayer and the Diracsurface states. As a result, while Cr and Mn overlayers can be usedsuccessfully for the observation of quantum anomalous Hall effect or therealization of axion insulators, Co and Ni are substantially more efficient forspin-charge conversion effects, e.g. spin-orbit torque and charge pumping.

Induced Spin-texture at 3$d$ Transition Metal/Topological Insulator Interfaces