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It has been technically challenging to concurrently probe the electrons andthe lattices in materials during non-equilibrium processes, allowing theircorrelations to be determined. Here, in a single set of ultrafast electrondiffraction patterns taken on the charge-density-wave (CDW) material 1T-TaSeTe,we discover a temporal shift in the diffraction intensity measurements as afunction of scattering angle. With the help of dynamic models and theoreticalcalculations, we show that the ultrafast electrons probe both thevalence-electron and lattice dynamic processes, resulting in the temporal shiftmeasurements. Our results demonstrate unambiguously that the CDW is not merelya result of the periodic lattice deformation ever-present in 1T-TaSeTe but hassignificant electronic origin. This method demonstrates a novel approach forstudying many quantum effects that arise from electron-lattice dephasing inmolecules and crystals for next-generation devices.

Concurrent probing of electron-lattice dephasing induced by photoexcitation in 1T-TaSeTe using ultrafast electron diffraction