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The number of electronic bands is usually considered invariant regardless ofthe electron density in a band picture. However, in interacting systems, thespectral-weight distribution generally changes depending on the electrondensity, and electronic states can even emerge or disappear as the electrondensity changes. Here, to clarify how electronic states emerge and becomedominant as the electron density changes, the spectral function of the Hubbardladder with strong repulsion and strong intrarung hopping is studied using thenon-Abelian dynamical density-matrix renormalization-group method. A modeemerging in the low-electron-density limit gains spectral weight as theelectron density increases and governs the dimer Mott physics atquarter-filling. In contrast, the antibonding band, which is dominant in thelow-electron-density regime, loses spectral weight and disappears at the Motttransition at half-filling, exhibiting the momentum-shifted magnetic dispersionrelation in the small-doping limit. This paper identifies the origin of theelectronic states responsible for the Mott transition and brings a newperspective to electronic bands by revealing the overall nature of electronicstates over a wide energy and electron-density regime.

Emergence and spectral-weight transfer of electronic states in the Hubbard ladder