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Energy-saving spintronics are believed to be implementable on the systemshosting persistent spin helix (PSH) since they support an extraordinarily longspin lifetime of carriers. However, achieving the PSH requires a unidirectionalspin configuration in the momentum space, which is practically non-trivial dueto the stringent conditions for fine-tuning the Rashba and Dresselhausspin-orbit couplings. Here, we predict that the PSH can be intrinsicallyachieved on a two-dimensional (2D) group-IV monochalcogenide M X monolayer, anew class of the noncentrosymmetric 2D materials having in-planeferroelctricity. Due to the C2v point group symmetry in the MX monolayer, aunidirectional spin configuration is preserved in the out-of-plane directionand thus maintains the PSH that is similar to the [110] Dresselhaus model inthe [110]-oriented quantum well. Our first-principle calculations on various MX(M : Sn, Ge; X: S, Se, Te) monolayers confirmed that such typical spinconfiguration is observed, in particular, at near the valence band maximumwhere a sizable spin splitting and a substantially small wavelength of the spinpolarization are achieved. Importantly, we observe reversible out-of-plane spinorientation under opposite in-plane ferroelectric polarization, indicating thatan electrically controllable PSH for spintronic applications is plausible.

Intrinsic persistent spin helix in two-dimensional group-IV monochalcogenide MX (M : Sn, Ge; X: S, Se, Te) monolayer