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Quantum dots based on the graphene stripes show unconventional opticalproperties in the THz frequency range. The graphene quantum dot (GQD) is madeof electrically gated stripe with zigzag edges. Inside the active region (AR),which is enclosed between the source and drain electrodes, there are two sharpenergy ($\pm $)-levels, whose separation $2\Delta $ is controlled with Starkeffect by applying the lateral dc electric field. Such the edge statesdetermine the unique nature of elementary excitations, chiral fermions, thatare responsible for the non-linear optical responce revealing a potential formany applications. They are, e.g., the frequency multiplication andself-focusing of two dimensional solitons. Furthemore, when injection of thenon-equilibrium electrons causes an inverse population of the levels localizedin AR, the subsequent recombination of electrons and holes leads to a coherentemission of the THz waves.

Unconventional electromagnetic properties of the graphene quantum dots