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Universal quantum gates and quantum error correction~(QEC) lie in the heartof quantum information science. Large-scale quantum computing depends on auniversal set of quantum gates, in which some gates may be easily carried out,while others are hard with a certain physical system. There is a uniquethree-qubit quantum gate called the Deutsch gate~[$\mathbb{D}(\theta)$], fromwhich alone a circuit can be constructed so that any feasible quantum computingis attainable. As far as we know, however, $\mathbb{D}(\theta)$ has not beendemonstrated. Here we design an easily realizable $\mathbb{D}(\theta)$ by usingRydberg blockade of neutral atoms, where $\theta$ can be tuned to any value in$[0,\pi]$ by adjusting the strengths of external control fields. Using similarprotocols, we further show that both the Toffoli and CNOT gates can be achievedwith only three laser pulses. The Toffoli gate, being universal for classicalreversible computing, is also useful for QEC that plays an important role inquantum communication and fault-tolerant quantum computation. The possibilityand briefness to realize these gates shed new light on the study of quantuminformation with neutral atoms.

Deutsch, Toffoli, and CNOT Gates via Rydberg Blockade of Neutral Atoms