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We experimentally investigate the decoherence of single surface plasmonpolaritons in metal stripe waveguides. In our study we use a Mach-Zehnderconfiguration previously considered for measuring decoherence in atomic,electronic and photonic systems. By placing waveguides of different length inone arm we are able to measure the amplitude damping time T_1 = 1.90 +/- 0.01 x10^-14 s, pure phase damping time T_2^* = 11.19 +/- 4.89 x 10^-14 s and totalphase damping time T_2 = 2.83 +/- 0.32 x 10^-14 s. We find that decoherence ismainly due to amplitude damping and thus loss arising from inelastic electronand photon scattering plays the most important role in the decoherence ofplasmonic waveguides in the quantum regime. However, pure phase damping is notcompletely negligible. The results will be useful in the design of plasmonicwaveguide systems for carrying out phase-sensitive quantum applications, suchas quantum sensing. The probing techniques developed may also be applied toother plasmonic nanostructures, such as those used as nanoantennas, as unitcells in metamaterials and as nanotraps for cold atoms.

Probing decoherence in plasmonic waveguides in the quantum regime