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While producing comparable efficiencies and showing similar properties whenprobed by conventional techniques, such as Raman, photoluminescence and X-raydiffraction, two thin film solar cell materials with complex structures, suchas quaternary compound CZTSe, may in fact differ significantly in theirmicroscopic structures. In this work, laser induced modification Ramanspectroscopy, coupled with high spatial resolution and high temperaturecapability, is demonstrated as an effective tool to obtain important structureinformation beyond that the conventional characterization techniques can offer,and thus to reveal the microscopic scale variations between nominally similaralloys. Specifically, CZTSe films prepared by sputtering and co-evaporationmethods that exhibited similar Raman and XRD features were found to behave verydifferently under high laser power and high temperature Raman probe, becausethe differences in their microscopic structures lead to different structuremodifications in response to the external stimuli, such as light illuminationand temperature. They were also shown to undergo different degree of plasticchanges and have different thermal conductivities as revealed byspatially-resolved Raman spectroscopy.

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Microscopic structure differences in CZTSe quaternary alloys prepared by  different techniques revealed by spatially-resolved  laser-induced-modification Raman spectroscopy