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Free electrons moving in an optical standing wave field feel theponderomotive potential, acting as a refractive-index medium in electronoptics. Emerging technologies involving this potential have been proposed andrealized in electron microscopy, such as electron phase-contrast imaging usinga laser standing wave in an optical enhancement cavity. However, theinteraction between electrons with a cylindrically distributed optical fieldhas not been investigated although its suitability for electron-optical imagingsystems. In this study, we theoretically show that the divergence andconvergence forces are provided by tightly focused cylindrically polarizedlight beams. The radially and azimuthally polarized beams with an annularprofile are focused using a high numerical aperture optical lens. The intensitydistributions at the focus function are concave and convex electron roundlenses, respectively. The convex lens formed by the azimuthally polarized beampossesses negative (opposite sign) spherical aberration compared withconventional electron round lenses created by electrodes and magnetic coils.This remarkable result will contribute to the innovative design ofelectron-optical imaging systems and bring new capabilities into matter-waveoptics.

Electron round lenses with negative spherical aberration by a tightly focused cylindrically polarized light beam