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The nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond has been established as a primebuilding block for quantum networks. However, scaling beyond a few networknodes is currently limited by low spin-photon entanglement rates, resultingfrom the NV center's low probability of coherent photon emission andcollection. Integration into a cavity can boost both values via the Purcelleffect, but poor optical coherence of near-surface NV centers has so farprevented their resonant optical control, as would be required for entanglementgeneration. Here, we overcome this challenge, and demonstrate resonantaddressing of individual, fiber-cavity-coupled NV centers, and collection oftheir Purcell-enhanced coherent photon emission. Utilizing off-resonant andresonant addressing protocols, we extract Purcell factors of up to 4,consistent with a detailed theoretical model. This model predicts that theprobability of coherent photon detection per optical excitation can beincreased to 10% for realistic parameters - an improvement over state-of-theart solid immersion lens collection systems by two orders of magnitude. Theresonant operation of an improved optical interface for single coherent quantumemitters in a closed-cycle cryogenic system at T $\sim$ 4 K is an importantresult towards extensive quantum networks with long coherence.

Resonant Excitation and Purcell Enhancement of Coherent Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers Coupled to a Fabry-P\'{e}rot Micro-Cavity