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Plasma-based electron and positron wakefield acceleration has made greatstrides in the past decade. However one major challenge for its applications tocoherent light sources and colliders is the relatively large energy spread ofthe accelerated beams, currently at a few percent level. This energy spread isusually correlated with particle position in the beam arising from thelongitudinal chirp of the wakefield amplitude. Therefore a dechirper is highlydesirable for reducing this spread down to $\sim0.1\%$ level, while at the sametime for maintaining the emittance of the accelerated beam. Here we proposethat a low-density hollow channel plasma can act as a near-ideal dechirper forboth electrons and positrons. We demonstrate the concept through large-scalethree-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations. We show that the initialpositive correlated energy spread (chirp) on the beam exiting a plasmaaccelerator can be compensated by the nearly linear self-wake induced by thebeam in the hollow channel from few percent level down to $\leq 0.1\%$.Meanwhile, the beam emittance can be preserved due to the negligible transversefield inside the channel. This passive method may significantly improve thebeam quality of plasma-based accelerators, paving the way for theirapplications to future compact free electron lasers and colliders.

A near-ideal dechirper for plasma-based electron and positron acceleration using a hollow channel plasma