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Circularly polarized light can be obtained by using either polarizationconversion or structural chirality. Here we reveal a fundamentally unrelatedmechanism of generating circularly polarized light using coupled nonequilibriumsources. We show that thermal emission from a compact dimer of subwavelength,anisotropic antennas can be highly circularly polarized when the antennas areat unequal temperatures. Furthermore, the handedness of emitted light isflipped upon interchanging the temperatures of the antennas, thereby enablingreconfigurability of the polarization state lacked by most circularly polarizedlight sources. We describe the fundamental origin of this mechanism usingrigorous fluctuational electrodynamic analysis and further provide practicalexamples for its experimental implementation. Apart from the technologyapplications in reconfigurable devices, communication, and sensing, this workmotivates new inquiries of angular-momentum-related thermal-radiation phenomenausing thermal nonequilibrium, without applying magnetic field.

Circularly polarized thermal radiation from nonequilibrium coupled antennas