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Although accelerator technology has matured sufficiently, state-of-the-artX-ray linacs for radiotherapy and cargo-scanning capture merely 30-50% of theelectrons from a thermionic cathode, requiring a higher cathode current andleaving uncaptured electrons to cause problems due to back bombardment,shortening of cathode life, etc. Any solution to increase capture should beeffective, simple, reliable, compact, and low cost in order to be adopted byindustry. To address this, we present the design of a 6 MeV high captureefficiency S-band electron linac that captures 90% of the initial DC beam. Thislinac does not require any extra parts that would increase the cost as the highefficiency is achieved via a low-field-amplitude in the first bunching cell todecrease the number of backstreaming electrons, to velocity bunch the electronbeam, and recapture backstreaming electrons. Under the low field amplitude, anyelectrons launched at decelerating phases travel backward with low speeds, thusmost of them can catch the next RF cycle, and get re-accelerated/recaptured. Asthe electron speed is low, the cell length is also shorter than existinglinacs. Such a short field is achieved by the use of asymmetric cells withdifferential coupling to the side-coupled cells. Our novel design hasimplications for all commercial high current thermionic gun linacs forincreasing beam current and increasing cathode lifetime.

Pushing the Capture Limit of Thermionic Gun Linacs